12.1 LNMP架构介绍
- 和LAMP不同的是，提供web服务的是Nginx
- 并且php是作为一个独立服务存在的，这个服务叫做php-fpm
- Nginx直接处理静态请求，动态请求会转发给php-fpm
12.2 MySQL安装
二进制免编译包安装
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/[root@localhost src]# wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# lsmysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# tar xzvf mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# mv mysql-5.6.39-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql[root@localhost src]# ls /usr/local/mysql/bin COPYING data docs include lib man mysql-test README scripts share sql-bench support-files[root@localhost src]# useradd mysql[root@localhost src]# mkdir /data/[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/mysql/[root@localhost mysql]# yum install -y perl-Data-Dumper[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql[root@localhost mysql]# echo $?0[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf[mysqld]basedir = /usr/local/mysqldatadir = /data/mysqlsocket = /tmp/mysql.sock[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/init.d/mysqldbasedir=/usr/local/mysqldatadir=/data/mysql[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld startStarting MySQL. SUCCESS!
12.3/12.4 PHP安装
[root@localhost src]# tar zxf php-5.6.30.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# yum install -y libxml2-devel openssl-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libmcrypt-devel bzip2-devel libcurl-devel[root@localhost src]# cd php-5.6.30[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php-fpm --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php-fpm/etc --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm --with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-sock=/tmp/mysql.sock --with-libxml-dir --with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp --enable-mbstring --enable-exif --with-pear --with-curl --with-openssl[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# make && make install[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# vi /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf [global]pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log[www]listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.socklisten.mode = 666user = php-fpmgroup = php-fpmpm = dynamicpm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20pm.min_spare_servers = 5pm.max_spare_servers = 35pm.max_requests = 500rlimit_files = 1024[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# chkconfig --add php-fpm[root@localhost php-5.6.30]# chkconfig php-fpm on
12.5 Nginx介绍
- Nginx官网 nginx.org，最新版1.13，最新稳定版1.12
- Nginx应用场景：web服务、反向代理、负载均衡
- Nginx著名分支，淘宝基于Nginx开发的Tengine，使用上和Nginx一致，服务名，配置文件名都一样，和Nginx的最大区别在于Tenging增加了一些定制化模块，在安全限速方面表现突出，另外它支持对js，css合并
- Nginx核心+lua相关的组件和模块组成了一个支持lua的高性能web容器openresty，参考
12.6 Nginx安装
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/src[root@localhost src]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz[root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.12.1[root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx[root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# make && make install[root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: - 30 21# description: http service.# Source Function Library. /etc/init.d/functions# Nginx SettingsNGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"RETVAL=0prog="Nginx"start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL}stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL}reload(){ echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP RETVAL=$? echo return $RETVAL}restart(){ stop start}configtest(){ $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t return 0}case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) restart ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}" RETVAL=1esacexit $RETVAL[root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx[root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig --add nginx [root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# chkconfig nginx on [root@localhost nginx-1.12.1]# cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/[root@localhost conf]# mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak[root@localhost conf]# vim nginx.conf user nobody nobody;worker_processes 2;error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events{ use epoll; worker_connections 6000;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526; server_names_hash_max_size 4096; log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]' ' $host "$request_uri" $status' ' "$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"'; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 30; client_header_timeout 3m; client_body_timeout 3m; send_timeout 3m; connection_pool_size 256; client_header_buffer_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 8 4k; request_pool_size 4k; output_buffers 4 32k; postpone_output 1460; client_max_body_size 10m; client_body_buffer_size 256k; client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp; proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp; fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 8k; gzip_comp_level 5; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml; server { listen 80; server_name localhost; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /usr/local/nginx/html; location ~ \.php$ { include fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; } }}[root@localhost conf]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t[root@localhost conf]# /etc/init.d/nginx start 扩展
Nginx为什么比Apache Httpd高效：原理篇 http://www.toxingwang.com/linux-unix/linux-basic/1712.html https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/nginx/git/blob/master/4z/IO.md?public=true https://www.zhihu.com/question/64727674 apache和nginx工作原理比较 http://www.server110.com/nginx/201402/6543.html 概念了解：CGI，FastCGI，PHP-CGI与PHP-FPM https://www.awaimai.com/371.html